This article will provide an overview of what Google Ads attributions are and explain data-driven attributions.
Context
Over 50% of all web traffic comes from mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, which increases year by year. An easy way to find this data on your website is by going to Google Analytics > Mobile > Overview. Users use more than one device to do their product research and purchases.
This new behavior creates a fragmented conversion pattern. For example, over 90% of users switch between devices to complete a purchase. And over 38% of customers will have interacted with a wide set of platforms. Meaning that they might have started seeing your product on Google Shopping, viewed an ad on display, and clicked on a text ad. So it is now essential that we consider each platform.
Example
Let’s look at an example. When you buy a product, chances are you didn’t use just one device or in 1 sitting. Purchasing a product takes multiple days, research, time, and consideration. Your path before buying a product might be something like below. On Sunday you started your search with a generic search term. On Tuesday your search was more relevant. On Wednesday you found a specific brand. And on Friday you bought your product.
Fragmented Journey
The user journey is a lot more fragmented. Different days, times, devices, keywords, and advertising areas lead to a purchase. Many advertisers are focused on a small subset of consumer paths. They are not considering all the different interactions that lead up to the conversion. Google Ads attributions allow us to see all conversions beyond the last click model.
Attribute Fundamentals
Measure
To make attributions work, we need to track all types of conversions that are important to your business. This can be telephone calls, email link click, contact forms, quote requests, purchases, and so on.
Attribute
Focus on all conversion types and not just the last click model.
Act
Use the data to improve your advertising goals, such as bidding, targeting, and budget decisions.
Make sure you understand what happens after a click
- User completes a search
- User views your ad
- User clicks on your ad
- User arrives on your website
- Do you know what actions your users take on your website?
Enabling Conversions
Make sure you have enabled conversion tracking. You can check this by going to Google Ads > Tools > Conversions
What Is An Attribution
An attribution model is a rule or set of rules determining how credits are assigned to the journey along the conversion path. Taking our previous example, we see that the first interaction started on a Sunday. The last interaction was on Friday, where the user bought a product, wherein from start to finish, we had other interactions.
Attribution Models
There are 6 different click interaction models.
- Last click
- Is a static and the last interaction model where 100% of the credit goes before a purchase is made and is the default model within Google Ads.
- First click
- Is a static and first interaction model where 100% of the credit goes to the first click.
- Linear
- Gives each individual interaction an equal amount of credit.
- Time Decay
- Gives more credits over time in ascending order and provides to the most recent conversion interaction the most credits.
- Position-Based
- Assign an equal amount of credit to the first and last click and in-between will have an equal amount of credits.
- Data-Driven
- It looks to assign credits to individual keywords along the conversion path, depending on the impact it had on the conversion.
Moving Beyond
Avoid only looking at the last click model and start using all other models. By doing so, we will increase our conversions on average by keeping a similar cost per conversion.
Data-Driven Attribution
What is Data-Driven attribution? (DDA)
When using all your account data with Google’s machine learning capabilities. Google assigns fractional credit based on the actual contribution of each keyword across the user path. Which learns and adjusts over time. For example, if seasons change and you get more data, and conversion cycles change over time, it automatically adjusts its data. You need at least 600 conversions (conversion level) + 15000 clicks in the last 30 days in your Google Shopping campaign (or Search) for this to work.
Other Conversion Models
What if you do not have enough conversions for the DDA?
Then you can use any of the other conversion models. Not considering the first or last click model as this is not how users are searching anymore, we can look at the other three models: linear, time decay, or position-based.
Choosing a model that fits your business goals.
Conservative growth strategy
Time Decay: This model is similar to the last click model and is an excellent option for a conservative growth strategy. This does not give as much value to the early-stage clicks.
Growth-oriented
This model gives 40% equal credit to the first and last click. And the remaining 20% is divided into all the clicks that happen in between. Because you are giving equal credit to the first interaction and the last conversion click, you are more focused on growth, considering you are also looking at the first interaction.
No direct goals
The linear-based attribution model gives equal credit to each click and is a great model if you do not know where you fit if you have a new account and do not know which growth strategy to use.
Enabling The Right Attribution Model
Log in to Google Ads, go to Tools (top right corner), and choose conversions.
Click on the conversion tracking for which you want to update the model and click on edit settings.
Click on the attribution model and choose your model that fits your goal.
Concerns and Misconceptions
I changed my conversion model and sales dropped.
They are not lost or gone. They are simply changed to the new attribution model you have chosen. When you compare data before you changed the conversion model and after, the comparison will be based on the last click model before the new model. It is essential to compare more accurate fresh data after changing the model.
I’m seeing half conversions.
When you see conversions such as 12.5 or 14.1, these are conversions when you are using attributions such as positions based or time decay. A user that clicked on one ad, and converted using a different final ad, will not get full credit on both ads but a percentage. For example, position-based will give 40% conversion to the first click, while time decay will provide a lot less.
Expectations.
The conversions will shift between campaigns, ad groups, keywords, search terms.
You will see an initial drop in conversion on the same day you changed the settings and a couple of days after. This data change is because the non-last click models send conversion credit back in time. This means the conversion you see dropped today is sent back to the preceding days where the first click model happened and depending on the conversion window. Make sure you have used a long enough new conversion history to see the conversion data to be the same again.
Important to know:
Other non-last click models can only be seen in Google Ads. The data you see in Google Analytics will only be the last click model.
Source: This article is written using Google Partners resources.
so for add to cart, is the real best position based is that?
The best attribution model is the one that fits your business goals. Each business will have a different objective / goals.